Indian Organizations| National Organizations and their headquarters| Important Current Affairs 2025

Reserve Bank of India (RBI)

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the central bank of India whose primary function is to manage and govern the financial system of the country. It is a statutory body established in the year 1935 under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. The central bank regulates the issue and supply of the Indian rupee. It also looks after the central government’s money. The central bank plays the role of the bankers’ bank and regulates the banking sector. It also plays an important role in India’s development story by supporting the government in its developmental projects and policies.

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The head office of the RBI, in Kolkata when the bank was established, was shifted to Mumbai in 1937. Originally, the bank was privately owned. However, after Independence, it was nationalized in 1949 and is now fully owned by the Government of India.

Current Governor of RBI is Sanjay Malhotra.

• Four Deputy Governors: Poonam Gupta, M Rageswara Rao; J Swaminathan and T Rabi Shankar.
• First Governor of Reserve Bank of India: Sir Osborne Smith
• First Indian Governor of RBI: Sir C. D. Deshmukh

Bombay Stock Exchange

• Headquarters: Mumbai
• Establishment: 1875
• Founder of BSE- Premchand Poychand
• chairman: Subhash Chaudhary
• MD & CEO: Sundararaman Ramamurthy
• First stock Exchange of Asia: Bombay Stock Exchange
• Name of index of BSE: Sensex

National Stock Exchange (NSE)

• Establishment: 1992
• Headquarters: Mumbai
• MD & CEO: Ashish Kumar Chauhan
• Name of index of NSE: Nifty
• Ferwani Committee recommended the establishment of NSE

Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG)

• The Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) is the head of the supreme audit body of India.
• Current Chairman: K Sanjay Murthy
• Establishment: 1858
• Headquarters- New Delhi
• First Chairnan- V. Narhari Rao
• The tenure of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India- 6 years

Central Vigilance Commission (CVC)

• The main function of CVC of India is to keep an eye on the investigation agencies of the country
• Headquarters: New Delhi
• Establishment: 11 February 1964
• Central Vigilance Commissioner of India: A. S. Rajeev
• On recommendation of Santhanam Corruption Prevention Committee the CVC was Established

Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO)

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), founded by Dr. Vikram Ambalal Sarabhai in 1969, (Headquarter: Bangalore) is India’s space agency dedicated to developing an indigenous space program. As one of the six largest space agencies globally, ISRO operates an extensive fleet of remote sensing (IRS) and communication (INSAT) satellites. These satellites serve the nation’s needs through a network of centers, offices, and research institutes across India.

ISRO functions as the primary research and development branch of the Department of Space (DoS).

The areas of operation of ISRO include broadcasting, weather forecasting, disaster management, geographic information systems, navigation, cartography, telemedicine, and distance education. The noteworthy achievements of ISRO include Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan), Chandrayaan Missions, PSLV and GSLV Launch Vehicles.

Current chairman of ISRO- Dr. V. Narayanan

Some upcoming missions of ISRO are:

Nasa-Isro Synthetic Aperture Radar (Nisar)–

This joint initiative between NASA and ISRO focuses on leveraging sophisticated radar imaging technology to monitor and assess worldwide environmental shifts, encompassing natural calamities and ecosystem alterations.

Gaganyaan–

The Gaganyaan mission scheduled for 2025 represents a historic milestone as it will mark India’s inaugural crewed spaceflight, carrying Indian astronauts into space for the first time. Also, for this Vyommitra, a humanoid robot developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It is set to play a pivotal role in the Gaganyaan mission.

Shukrayaan–

It is an orbiter mission for study of the atmosphere of Venus. Conduct extensive scientific observations.

National Highways Authority of India (NHAI)

• NHAI is an autonomous agency responsible for the development, maintenance and management of national highways in India.
• Established: 1995 (under NHAI Act, 1988)
• Chairman: Santosh Kumar Yadav

Indian Olympic Association (IOA)

• Establishment: 1927
• Headquarters: New Delhi
• President: P. T. Usha (First female President)
• First President if IOA: Sir Dorabji Tata
• India Participated in Olympics for the first time in: 1900 Paris Olympics
• First Indian Athlete to participate in the 1900 Paris Olympics: Norman Pritchard

Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)

• UPSC is a constitutional body that recruits high level officials for the government of India and advises on appointments.
• Formation: 1 October 1926 (on the recommendation of Lee Commission)
• Establishment:26 October 1950
• Headquarters: New Delhi
• Chairman: Ajay Kumar
• First Chairman of UPSC: Sir Boss Barker
• As per Indian Constitution, a member of UPSC can hold the position for: a period of six years or until he attains the age of 65 whever is earlier.

Supreme Court of India

• Establishment: 1 October, 1937 (during British India)
• Headquarters: New Delhi
• Supreme Court of independent India established: 28 January 1950
• Chief Justice of India: Justice Bhushan Ramakrishna Gavai
• The Supreme Court (SC) consists of 1 Chief Justice and 33 other judges appointed by the President of India (33+1)
• Every judge of the Supreme Court in India will hold office till he attains the age of 65 years

Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)

Also read current scenario of Renewable Energy in India

Recent developments:

On 11 March 2024, Narendra Modi, the Prime Minister celebrated the successful completion of Mission Divyastra, marking the inaugural flight test of the Agni-V missile equipped with Multiple Independently Targetable Re-entry Vehicle (MIRV) technology, which was developed in-house.

On May 1, 2024, the DRDO effectively conducted a trial of the advanced Supersonic Missile-Assisted Release of Torpedo (SMART) system from Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Island, situated off the Odisha coast.

Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)

• Headquarters: New Delhi
• Establishment 22 September 1974
• President: Amandeep Garg

Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI)

• TRAI is an autonomous regulatory authority that oversees the telecommunication sector of India.
• Establishment: 20 Febuary 1997
• Headquarters: New delhi
• Chairman: Anil Kumar Lahoti

National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog

NITI Aayog, the National Institution for Transforming India, is a policy think tank of the Indian government, established to succeed the Planning Commission. Established on January 1, 2015, its purpose is to promote cooperative federalism by engaging state governments in economic policy-making through a bottom-up approach.

Key roles of NITI Aayog includes Policy Development, Coordination and Oversight, Promotion of Innovation and Research, Encouragement of Public-Private Partnerships, State Support etc.

• Chairman: Narendra Modi
• Vice Chairman: Mr. Suman Beri
• First Vice Chairman of NITI Aayog: Arvind Panagariya
• The Governing council of NITI Aayog includes: Prime Minister, all Chief Ministers and Lieutenant Governors
• CEO of NITI Aayog– Shri B.V.R. Subrahmanyam